Ceased



F. NICHOLS, decd, w. B. MANWARING, & 0. L LIVESEY.

E/A. Nlcnom-gdministratrix of F. NICHOLS, decd. Oil and Liquid Pump. No.239,828 Patented April 5,1881.

NTEIEHs. PNOTO-LIYHOGRAPHER VMSMINGIONv D C.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELLEN AUGUSTA NICHOLS, (ADMINISTRATRIX OF FRANCIS NICHOLS, DE-

CEASED,) WOLCOTT B. MANWARING, AND OLIN L. LlVESEY, OF NEW LONDON,CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO ACID PUMP AND SIPHON COM- .PANY, OF SAMEPLACE.

OIL AND LIQUID PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,828, dated April 5,1881,

Application filed July 7, 1879.

To an whom it may concern Be it known that FRANCIS NICHOLS, deceased,late of the city and county of New London, State of Connecticut, andWOLCOTT B. MANWAEING, and OLIN L. LrvEsEY, both of the said city andcounty of New London, did invent certain new and useful Improvements inPumps for Pumping Oil and other Liquids, which invention is fullydescribed in the fol- 1o lowing specification and shown in theaccompanying drawings, making a part thereof.

These improvements relate to that class of pumps in which the pumpaction is produced by the compression and rarefaction of air in a I 5chamber between the valves, the air being compressed by a hollowcollapsible bulb and rarefied by expansion of such bulb. The apparatuscan also be converted into a siphon, and may be used as a convenientmeans for drawing oil or liquid from any vessel.

' Figure 1 is a view of the pump complete. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectionof Fig. 1 through the center thereof. Figs. 3 and show variations in theform of the top of the outer 2 5 vessel or cylinder of the pump.

A represents a metallic vessel, generally cylindrical, and whichforordinary uses need not be more than three, or four inches in diameterand four or live inches high. It can,

however, bemade of any size desired. In the lower end of this vessel isformed a valve: seat, a, upon which drops or rests a puppetvalve, 00,such valve opening upward,and being prevented from rising toohighbyaystem,

I 3 5 of, which extends down through the seat and has an enlarged head,a upon it. To the bottom of such vessel, below the valve a, connects thesuction-pipe B, which enters the vessel containing the oil or liquid tobe drawn.

4 To the top of this vessel A is attached an elastic collapsible bulb,C, the neck of which enters the nipple 0, thereby permitting an easyremoval of the bulb whenever desired. Within this vessel A is a smallervessel, D, which has in the lower part thereof a valve-seat, d, andpuppet-valve 01, opening upward in the same manner as does the valve 0/,and which is prevented from rising too high by the headed stein 01 Thisinner vessel, D, is fixed within the upper partof the inclosing-vesselA, but so that there will be air or liquid space above and around it,and extends downward within the vessel A some distance, generally aboutone-half or two-thirds the depth of such inclosing-vesse'l. Connectingwith this inner vessel D near its upper part, and opening from one sidethereoflpassing by a ti ght collar or thimble, E, through the vessel A,is fan eduction or discharge tube, E, which may be made of such a lengthas to convert the'ap- 6o paratus into a siphon, and in the lower end ofwhich is a-faucet or stop-cock, F. L

The operation is as follows When the bulb C is compressed by the hand aportion of the air in the chamber A is forced through the valve d intothe chamber D and outthrough the eduction-pipe E, the faucet F beingleft open. As the bulb is allowed to expand the air in A is expanded orrarefied and the oil or fluid rises in the tube'B and enters the chamberA. As the bulb is further compressed and allowed to expand the oil orliquid willrise in both chambers A and D and be discharged from thetubeE and it this tube is lengthened so as to form the long leg of asiphon,the oil or liquid, after it has commenced to flow, will continue to doso unless stopped by the stopcock F or by the removal of the bulb C. Thepump, by the combination, with the tube E, of the stop-cock F, is thusconverted into a convenient apparatus for drawing in small quantitiesoil or fluid from a barrel or other vessel. The bulb C is placed, aswill be seen from the drawings, about centrally in the top of the vesselA. This position is found from experiment and trial the most desirable,as securing the most effectual and uniform operation of the apparatus,the air being thus distributedmost equally upon the surface of the fluidin the vessel A, and all swashing or back flow of the liquid when thebulb expands being substantially prevented. If the bulb C is placed onthe vessel A near one side, as at 0, when the bulb is compressed the airstrikes with greatest force upon only part of the fluid, or at one sideof the vessel,and then when the bulb expands the liquid surges or flowsback,

and frequently to such an extent as to enter the bulb. This,particularly if the fluidis oil, soon so injures or destroys the bulbthat it is frequently necessary to replace it. When, however, thechambers A and D and bulb G are of sufficient relative dimensions, andthe two chambers are properly arranged with reference to each other, andthe bulb is so placed that the air will be delivered so as to actequally, or substantially so, upon all parts of the surface of the oilor liquid, such surging or flow is prevented, and the fluid will notenter the bulb to injure or destroy it. The most satisfactory working ofthe pump is effected when the capacity of the bulb O is such that it isnot greater nor much less than the airspace in the chamber A.

To secure a more uniform delivery of the air upon the surface of thefluid, the top of the,

inner vessel, D, is best made arch ed orronnded, as shown in Fig. 2; butif the top otsuch vessel is made flat, or nearly so, the same efiect,substantially, will be secured by means of a perforated plate, such asis shown in Fig. 3, placed just below the top of the vessel A, or byradiating tubes, as shown in Fig. 4, placed on the inner surface of thetop of the vessel A.

The upper side of the thimble or collar E is preferably made curved orarched for securing a more equable action of the air upon the fluid inthe vessel A.

To keep the suction-pipe B from entering the cask or vessel from whichthe oil orliquid is to be drawn so far as to reach or disturb anysediment, and to facilitate the em j tying the cask or vessel only to agiven depth, the suction-pipe is fitted with a tapering collar orbung-bush, B, which is placed in the bunghole or other opening in thecash. This collar is, for convenience, in two parts or halves, so thatit will hug tightly the pipe B, and being tapering will fit holes ofdifl'erent diameters, and will also tend to steady the pump while it isbeing operated.

We are aware of English Patent No. 2,123 of 1861, the same being anapparatus for administering injections. It differs from our pump inconstruction, operation, and use, and we lay no claim to what is thereinshown and described.

What is claimed as new is- 1. An oil or liquid pump composed of aninitial receivin g-ch amber, A, provided with an induction-pipe and avalve and a collapsible bulb, O, and a final discharge-chamber, D,arranged within the former, so that there shall be space above andaround it, and provided with a valve and eduction-pipe, the chamber andbulb being arranged and of such relative dimensions, substantially asset forth, that the liquid will first enter chamber A and then chamberDwithout passing into bulb C, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an oil or liquid pump, the combination of chamber A andcollapsible bulb 0, located substantially as described, with chamber D,having an arched or curved top, the whole constructed and arranged asset forth, whereby the liquid is prevented from swashing and enteringbulb O and the air is distributed on all sides of chamber A,substantially as set forth.

3. In an oil or liquid pump, the chamber D, constructed with an archedor curved top for the purpose of distributing air on all sides of suchchamber and facilitating the flow of any liquid from oft'it.

4. In an oil or liquid pump composed of the two chambers A and D, thecombination ofa collapsible bulb, O, and a perforated plate locatedbetween the tops of the two chambers, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an oil orliquid pump, the combination of chamber A, chamber Dinclosed therein, collapsible bulb C, and a device located between thetops of the two chambers, adapted to uniformly distribute air over thesurface of the liquid, substantially as described.

6. In an oil orliquid pump, the combination ot'chambers A and D,thelatter being located within the former, and both provided withpuppetvalves, the collapsible bulb (J, and eduction-pipe E, providedwith stop-cock F,

the several )arts bein arran ed as shown a, a 7 9.,

tb operate as described.

ELLEN AUGUSTA NICHOLS,

Administratrix of Francis Nichols. WOLCOTT B. MANWARING. OLIN L.LIVESEY.

Witnesses:

DANIEL G. TINKER, JAMES H. HILL.

